“Decoding is the ability to apply your knowledge of letter-sound relationships, including knowledge of letter patterns, to correctly pronounce written words. Understanding these relationships gives children the ability to recognize familiar words quickly and to figure out words they haven't seen before”. “Phonics is one approach to reading instruction that teaches students the principles of letter-sound relationships, how to sound out words, and exceptions to the principles”.
These terms in my opinion should not be used interchangeably. I feel that decoding applies to a child’s grasp of phonics and phonemic awareness and is the actual application of that knowledge. I also feel that decoding goes further to assist a child in giving an unfamiliar word meaning; for instance, using a prefix to give the word meaning.
“Without being able to decode the written word, reading comprehension is impossible”. To decode any text a reader must be able to integrate his prior knowledge with the text, make connections so understanding or comprehension would take place.
References:
http://www.readingrockets.org/helping/target/phonics
http://www.learninginfo.org/reading-comprehension-problems.htm
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